What Is The 3rs Approach

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Rs_(animal_research)
A common misconception of the 3Rs is that they refer only to replacement however their scope is much broader Moreover while the 3Rs were designed for research on laboratory animal models their implementation has been encouraged also in farmed animals and wildlife conservation research Replacement In the original book the 3Rs were restricted arbitrarily to vertebrates Russell an

https://www.understandinganimalresearch.org.uk/...
The importance of animal welfare in research and testing how it is regulated and the principle of the 3Rs reduction refinement and replacement

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/bri…
This review describes a contemporary approach to delivering the 3Rs through acknowledging the contribution of new technologies and emphasising that applying the 3Rs can be beneficial to good science as

https://www.epfl.ch/research/experimentation...
The principles of the 3Rs Replacement Reduction Refinement were first described by William Russell and Rex Burch in 1959 Today they constitute the guiding principles for best practice and humane animal experimentation They are embedded in Swiss and international legislations

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6826930
This introduction to a special issue on the 3Rs explains how a non confrontational and scientific approach led to their development and briefly summarizes

https://www.nal.usda.gov/animal-health-an…
Defining the 3Rs Replacement refers to technologies or approaches that directly replace or avoid the use of animals Replacement can be broken down into two categories Full Absolute and Partial Relative

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10310538
The aims of this paper have been to sketch the potentials and some success stories of the 3Rs to examine the challenges and difficulties of implementing

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11428052
Introduction In 1959 Russell and Burch published their Principles of Humane Experimental Technique in which they defined the concept of the 3Rs Replace Reduce

https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop...
First promulgated in 1959 the 3Rs of Replacement Reduction and Re nement have evolved as fundamental principles underlying the use of animals and